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Bachelor

Stratovolcano in United States

Last Eruption: -5800

Key Facts

Elevation

2,763 m (9,065 ft)

Type

Stratovolcano

Location

43.979°, -121.688°

Region

High Cascades Volcanic Arc

Rock Type

Andesite / Basaltic Andesite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone

Location

Loading map...

Overview

This volcanic system extends from Mount Bachelor on the N to Lookout Mountain about 20 km S, with a chain of scoria cones and small shield volcanoes between and additional volcanic features to the E. The basaltic andesite and basaltic volcanoes formed during four eruptive periods dating back to about 18,000-15,000 years before present (BP). Construction of the main scoria cone chain was completed by about 12,000 years BP, and Bachelor (formerly known as Bachelor Butte) is one of its youngest features.

The latest activity produced lava flows on the E side of Sparks Lake from scoria cones on the NNE flank of Bachelor, and lava flows from Egan scoria cone on the N flank that slightly preceded the eruption of the Mazama ash from Crater Lake about 7,000-8,500 years ago.

Volcanic Hazards & Risk Assessment

Primary Hazards

  • Pyroclastic flows
  • Lava flows
  • Volcanic bombs and ballistics
  • Lahars and mudflows

Risk Level

Population at RiskModerate
Infrastructure RiskModerate
Aviation RiskSignificant

Geological Composition & Structure

Rock Types

Primary
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Silica Content
Intermediate (57-63% SiO₂)

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Formed by oceanic plate subduction, typically producing explosive eruptions due to water-rich magmas.

Age & Formation

Epoch
Holocene
Evidence
Eruption Dated

Eruption Statistics & Analysis

MetricValueGlobal RankingSignificance
Total Recorded EruptionsUnknownLowModerately active volcano
Maximum VEIVEI UnknownMinorLocal impact potential
Recent Activity7826 years agoHistoricalHistorically active

Monitoring & Alert Status

Monitoring Networks

Global Volcanism Program
International eruption database

Current Status

Normal
No recent activity. Routine monitoring continues.

Nearby Volcanoes in North America Volcanic Regions

Regional Volcanic Activity
The North America Volcanic Regions contains multiple active volcanic systems. Cross-regional magma interactions and tectonic stresses can influence eruption patterns across the entire arc. Monitor regional seismic activity and volcanic alerts.

Quick Info

  • Smithsonian ID: 322090
  • Evidence: Eruption Dated
  • Epoch: Holocene

About the Photo

Mount Bachelor is seen here beyond Sparks Lake to the west. It is a late Pleistocene-to-Holocene stratovolcano at the northern end of a 25-km-long chain of scoria cones and small shield volcanoes.

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1982 (Smithsonian Institution).

Basic Information

This page shows basic data from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. For more detailed information, visit the official Smithsonian page.