Batur
Caldera in Indonesia
Key Facts
Elevation
1,711 m (5,614 ft)
Type
Caldera
Location
-8.240°, 115.377°
Region
Sunda Volcanic Arc
Rock Type
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Tectonic Setting
Subduction zone
Location
Loading map...
Overview
The historically active Batur is located at the center of two concentric calderas NW of Agung volcano. The outer 10 x 13. 5 km caldera was formed during eruption of the Bali (or Ubud) Ignimbrite about 29,300 years ago and now contains a caldera lake on its SE side, opposite the Gunung Abang cone, the topographic high of the complex.
The inner 6. 4 x 9. 4 km caldera was formed about 20,150 years ago during eruption of the Gunungkawi Ignimbrite.
The SE wall of the inner caldera lies beneath Lake Batur; Batur cone has been constructed within the inner caldera to a height above the outer caldera rim. The Batur stratovolcano has produced vents over much of the inner caldera, but a NE-SW fissure system has localized the Batur I, II, and III craters along the summit ridge. Recorded eruptions have been characterized by mild-to-moderate explosive activity sometimes accompanied by lava emission.
Basaltic lava flows from both summit and flank vents have reached the caldera floor and the shores of Lake Batur in historical time.
Volcanic Hazards & Risk Assessment
Primary Hazards
- Pyroclastic flows and surges
- Large explosive eruptions (VEI 4+)
- Ash fall and tephra deposits
- Lahars and debris flows
Risk Level
Geological Composition & Structure
Rock Types
Tectonic Setting
Age & Formation
Eruption Statistics & Analysis
| Metric | Value | Global Ranking | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Recorded Eruptions | Unknown | Low | Moderately active volcano |
| Maximum VEI | VEI Unknown | Minor | Local impact potential |
| Recent Activity | 26 years ago | Recent | Recently active |
Monitoring & Alert Status
Monitoring Networks
Current Status
Nearby Volcanoes in Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions
Quick Info
- •Smithsonian ID: 264010
- •Evidence: Eruption Observed
- •Epoch: Holocene
About the Photo
The Batur cone on the island of Bali was constructed as a result of eruptions along a NE-SW-trending line of vents. It is located within a 7.5-km-wide inner caldera with its SE margin below a lake that fills part of the SE floor of an outer 10 x 13 km caldera. Historical lava flows have formed much of the far lake shore in this view.
Photo by Sumarna Hamidi, 1973 (Volcanological Survey of Indonesia).
Authority Sources
Related Volcanoes
Basic Information
This page shows basic data from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. For more detailed information, visit the official Smithsonian page.