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Lolobau

Caldera in Papua New Guinea

Last Eruption: 1912

Key Facts

Elevation

878 m (2,881 ft)

Type

Caldera

Location

-4.916°, 151.162°

Region

Bismarck Volcanic Arc

Rock Type

Basalt / Picro-Basalt

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone

Location

Loading map...

Overview

Lolobau volcano has grown over the W rim of a 6-km-wide caldera which formed about 12,000 years ago. The 8 x 13 km island is located just off the coast of eastern New Britain. A small lake occupies the SW part of the caldera.

A small lava dome (Hulu) caps Mount Lolobau, which has a 0. 8 x 1. 1 km summit crater breached to the NE.

Flank cones are found along the coast of the largely submerged volcano. Several vents within the caldera, on the E flank of the main edifice, have been active during historical time. The latest eruptions took place during the early 20th century.

Volcanic Hazards & Risk Assessment

Primary Hazards

  • Pyroclastic flows and surges
  • Large explosive eruptions (VEI 4+)
  • Ash fall and tephra deposits
  • Lahars and debris flows

Risk Level

Population at RiskModerate
Infrastructure RiskHigh
Aviation RiskSignificant

Geological Composition & Structure

Rock Types

Primary
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Silica Content
Low (45-52% SiO₂)

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Formed by oceanic plate subduction, typically producing explosive eruptions due to water-rich magmas.

Age & Formation

Epoch
Holocene
Evidence
Eruption Observed

Eruption Statistics & Analysis

MetricValueGlobal RankingSignificance
Total Recorded EruptionsUnknownLowModerately active volcano
Maximum VEIVEI UnknownMinorLocal impact potential
Recent Activity114 years agoHistoricalHistorically active

Monitoring & Alert Status

Monitoring Networks

Global Volcanism Program
International eruption database

Current Status

Normal
No recent activity. Routine monitoring continues.

Nearby Volcanoes in Southwestern Pacific Volcanic Regions

Regional Volcanic Activity
The Southwestern Pacific Volcanic Regions contains multiple active volcanic systems. Cross-regional magma interactions and tectonic stresses can influence eruption patterns across the entire arc. Monitor regional seismic activity and volcanic alerts.

Quick Info

  • Smithsonian ID: 252130
  • Evidence: Eruption Observed
  • Epoch: Holocene

About the Photo

Lolobau is located on the western rim of a 6-km-wide caldera, which formed about 12,000 years ago on the 8 x 13 km Lolobau Island. It is seen here from the south beyond the lower flanks of Ulawun. The smaller peak to the right is located along the eastern caldera rim.

Photo by Robert Citron, 1970 (Smithsonian Institution; courtesy of William Melson)

Basic Information

This page shows basic data from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. For more detailed information, visit the official Smithsonian page.