🌋VolcanoAtlas

Tronador

Stratovolcano in Chile-Argentina

Key Facts

Elevation

3,478 m (11,411 ft)

Type

Stratovolcano

Location

-41.157°, -71.885°

Region

Southern Andean Volcanic Arc

Rock Type

Andesite / Basaltic Andesite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone

Location

Loading map...

Overview

The Tronador volcanic group straddles the Chile-Argentina border east of scenic Lake Todos los Santos. Activity dates back to the early Pleistocene, and the most prominent part of the dominantly basaltic-to-andesitic complex is the prominent, glacier-covered Monte Tronador volcano, which formed in three stages during the mid-Pleistocene. The only possible Holocene activity took place SSE of Monte Tronador, where the Fonck cinder cone (also known as Cerro Volcanico) overlies rocks of the Steffen volcano group.

The well-preserved cone was the source of a single andesitic lava flow that postdates the last glacial cycle dating back to 70,000-14,000 years ago and has variously been inferred to be of latest Pleistocene or Holocene age.

Volcanic Hazards & Risk Assessment

Primary Hazards

  • Pyroclastic flows
  • Lava flows
  • Volcanic bombs and ballistics
  • Lahars and mudflows

Risk Level

Population at RiskModerate
Infrastructure RiskModerate
Aviation RiskSignificant

Geological Composition & Structure

Rock Types

Primary
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Silica Content
Intermediate (57-63% SiO₂)

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Formed by oceanic plate subduction, typically producing explosive eruptions due to water-rich magmas.

Age & Formation

Epoch
Holocene
Evidence
Evidence Uncertain

Eruption Statistics & Analysis

MetricValueGlobal RankingSignificance
Total Recorded EruptionsUnknownLowModerately active volcano
Maximum VEIVEI UnknownMinorLocal impact potential
Recent ActivityUnknownHistoricalHistorically active

Monitoring & Alert Status

Monitoring Networks

Global Volcanism Program
International eruption database

Current Status

Normal
No recent activity. Routine monitoring continues.

Nearby Volcanoes in South America Volcanic Regions

Regional Volcanic Activity
The South America Volcanic Regions contains multiple active volcanic systems. Cross-regional magma interactions and tectonic stresses can influence eruption patterns across the entire arc. Monitor regional seismic activity and volcanic alerts.

Quick Info

  • Smithsonian ID: 358011
  • Evidence: Evidence Uncertain
  • Epoch: Holocene

About the Photo

The western side of glacier-covered Monte Tronador volcano overlies rugged granitic peaks of the Northern Patagonian Batholith in the foreground. Activity at the Tronador volcanic group, which straddles the Chile-Argentina border east of scenic Lake Todos los Santos, dates back to the early Pleistocene and ended during the mid-Pleistocene. The only possible Holocene activity in the volcano group took place SSE of Monte Tronador, forming the post-glacial Fonck cinder cone and lava flow.

Photo by Oscar González-Ferrán (University of Chile).

Basic Information

This page shows basic data from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. For more detailed information, visit the official Smithsonian page.