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Wudalianchi

Volcanic field in China

Last Eruption: 1776

Key Facts

Elevation

597 m (1,959 ft)

Type

Volcanic field

Location

48.722°, 126.150°

Region

Central East Asia Volcanic Province

Rock Type

Trachybasalt / Tephrite Basanite

Tectonic Setting

Intraplate

Location

Loading map...

Overview

The Wudalianchi volcanic field, named for a string of five scenic lava-dammed lakes, consists of 14 cinder cones capping a 500 km2 shield-like lava plateau in NE China. The volcanic field, whose name means "Five Connected Pools" was formed during five eruptive cycles from the early Pleistocene to historical time. Its ancient name was "Nine Hills," which after the historical eruptions now number 14 hills.

The cinder cones were erupted through basement sedimentary and granitic rocks and show a preferred alignment along three chains at the intersection of NE- and NW-trending lineaments. In addition to the historical cinder cones of Laoheishan and Huoshaoshan, Xilongmenshan and Donglongmenshan are Holocene in age. The freshly preserved cones of Laoheishan and Huoshaoshan were formed during eruptions in 1720-21.

Fissures at the base of the two new cinder cones fed glassy pahoehoe and aa lava flows that covered 65 km2 and formed the five lakes of Wudalianchi at their eastern and northern margins. Renewed eruptions took place in 1776.

Volcanic Hazards & Risk Assessment

Primary Hazards

    Risk Level

    Population at RiskModerate
    Infrastructure RiskModerate
    Aviation RiskSignificant

    Geological Composition & Structure

    Rock Types

    Primary
    Trachybasalt / Tephrite Basanite
    Silica Content
    Varied composition

    Tectonic Setting

    Intraplate
    Continental rift or intraplate setting with varied eruptive styles.

    Age & Formation

    Epoch
    Holocene
    Evidence
    Eruption Observed

    Eruption Statistics & Analysis

    MetricValueGlobal RankingSignificance
    Total Recorded EruptionsUnknownLowModerately active volcano
    Maximum VEIVEI UnknownMinorLocal impact potential
    Recent Activity250 years agoHistoricalHistorically active

    Monitoring & Alert Status

    Monitoring Networks

    Global Volcanism Program
    International eruption database

    Current Status

    Normal
    No recent activity. Routine monitoring continues.

    Nearby Volcanoes in Eastern Asia Volcanic Regions

    Regional Volcanic Activity
    The Eastern Asia Volcanic Regions contains multiple active volcanic systems. Cross-regional magma interactions and tectonic stresses can influence eruption patterns across the entire arc. Monitor regional seismic activity and volcanic alerts.

    Quick Info

    • Smithsonian ID: 305030
    • Evidence: Eruption Observed
    • Epoch: Holocene

    About the Photo

    The Pleistocene Nangelaqiushan scoria cone contains a 500-m-wide flat-bottomed crater, is one of many cones forming the Wudalianchi volcanic field in Manchuria, NE China. The cones show a preferred alignment along three parallel NE-SW trends. The Wudalianchi volcanic field was named for five scenic lakes dammed by lava flows during a 1719-21 eruption, which formed two new scoria cones and produced a 65 km2 lava field.

    Photo courtesy of Jim Whitford-Stark, Sul Ross State University, Texas (published in Feng et al., 1979).

    Basic Information

    This page shows basic data from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. For more detailed information, visit the official Smithsonian page.